Aeneid Translation I.297-401

Add 296 to any line number in this translation to determine what line number it is in the original work.

1. He speaks these words and sends down from heaven the one
2. born from Maja*, so that the lands and so that the new citadels of Carthage may lie open (*ablative of source. Agent might work, but an ablative of agent is typically preceded by the preposition "a/ab", which "Majā" is not.)
3. for hospitality to the Trojans*, so that Dido, unaware of fate**, (*double dative; "hospitiō" is dative of purpose and "Trojanīs" is dative of reference; **genitive with special adjective "nescia".)
4. might not keep them off from its borders*. That god flies through the great air** (*ablative of separation. **Greek accusative singular form of "aer".)
5. with the rowing* of wings** and stood quick at Libya on the shores. (*ablative of means. **subjective genitive.)
6. And now, he performs his orders, and the Phoenicians place aside their
7. fierce hearts when the god wants it*; among the first (ones), the queen (*ablative absolute.)
8. receives a peaceful spirit toward the Trojans and a kind mind.
9. But loyal Aeneas, rolling very many things* through the night** (*i.e. in his mind. **can either be parsed as simply "accusative - object of a preposition" or more specifically as "accusative - duration of time".)
10. as soon as the first nurturing light has been given, decided to
11. go out and examine the new places, to seek what shores he reached* with the wind (*indirect question)
12. [and] who holds them (for he sees that they are wild), whether they were men or wild animals,
13. and to report the things discovered to his comrades.
14. He hides his army enclosed around by trees and
15. trembling shadows in a valley of groves beneath a hollowed cliff.
16. Aeneas himself proceeds, accompanied by Achates alone,
17. brandishing with his hand two spears with wide iron*. (*ablative of description.)
18. To meet whom*, his mother brought herself in the middle of the forest, (*I translated it very literally, as "whom", because I don't know exactly how literal the College Board wants you to be. It is dative of reference or dative because of the special adjective "obvia".)
19. wearing the face and appearance of a maiden and the arms of a
20. Spartan maiden, or of what kind the Tracian Harpalyce tires her horses
21. and surpasses the swift Hebrus in her flight.
22. For the huntress had hung a handy bow from her shoulders*, (*ablative of separation.)
23. according to custom, and she had given her hair to the winds to scatter*, (*this rare use of the infinitive; it is an infinitive of purpose.)
24. bare as to her knee* and having collected flowing folds in a knot**. (*accusative of respect. **ablative of manner or means.)
25. And the former sas, "Hey, young men, if you
26. have seen any* of my sisters** wandering here, by chance, (*"quam" is short for "aliquam"; the "ali" gets dropped because it is in a conditional clause; **partitive genitive.)
27. show her, girded up with a quiver and the hide of a spotted lynx,
28. or pursuing the course of a foaming boar with a shout."
29. In this way Venus spoke; and the son of Venus began in this wa in turn:
30. "No one of your sisters* has been heard by me** nor has she been seen; (*partitive genitive; **dative of agent.)
31. Oh, what should I call* you, maiden? For your** face is not mortal, (*deliberative subjunctive; **dative of possession.)
32. and your voice does not sound human; Oh, certainly
33. let you be* a lucky goddess (or a sister of Apollo? Or one of the blood of nymphs?) (*jussive subjunctive.)
34. and let you lighten*, whoever you are**, our hardship, and (*jussive subjunctive. **"es" supplied.)
35. let you teach* below whih sky, on which shores of the world (*jussive subjunctive.)
36. we are being tossed* at last; we, unaware of both the people** and the places**, (*indirect question; **both genitive with a special adjective "ignarī".)
37. wander here, driven by the wind and the vast waves:
38. much sacrifice will die before altars by our own right hand for you."
39. Then Venus said: "Indeed, I do not deem myself worthy of such honor*; (*ablative with special verb "dignor". For this verb, its direct object is still accusative as with most verbs, but what the object is deemed worthy of is in the ablative.)
40. it is the custom for Tyrian maidens to wear the quiver
41. and to bind the legs high up with a purple boot.
42. You are seeing a Phoenician kingdom, the Tyrians, and Agenor's city;
43. but the borders are Libyan*; the people is unmanageable in war**. (*ellipsis. **ablative of respect.)
44. Dido, having set out from a Tyrian city, rules an empire,
45. fleeing her brother. The insult is long, the devious tales
46. are* long; but I will follow the highest points of the affairs. (*ellipsis.)
47. For this woman was a husband Sychaeus*, very rich of land** of the Phoenicians, (*dative of possession; can alternately be translated as "this woman had a husband Sychaeus" but it is not recommended because the AP examiners want you to be literal. **genitive with special adjective "ditissimus".)
48. and cherished with the great love* of a miserable woman**, (*ablative of manner; **subjective genitive.)
49. to whom* her father had given her untouched and had joined them
50. in the first omens*. But her brother Pygmalion had (*ablative of manner; referring to marriage.)
51. the kingdom of Tyre, more dreadful before all others in his villainy*. (*ablative of respect.)
52. Between which men* a middle rage came. That man, (*Sychaeus and Pygmalion.)
53. unholy and blind with a love* of gold**, secretly overcomes (*ablative of manner or cause. **objective genitive.)
54. unsuspecting* Sychaeus before the altars with a sword, careless (*hyperbaton; "incautum" is two lines down from what it describes.)
55. careless of the loves* of his sister**; and for a long time, he hid his deed (*genitive with special adjective; **subjective genitive.)
56. and the evil man, pretending many things, deceived the sick lover with false hope*. (*debatable as to whether this is ablative of means or manner; means because Pygmalion is actually using fake hope to deceive Dido, but manner because hope is a quality or characteristic.)
57. But the image itself of her unburied husband came
58. in her dreams, raising its face pale in marvelous manners;
59. he exposed the cruel altars and his chest pierced with a sword,
60. and he uncovered every blind sin of the house*. (*subjective genitive; "house" meaning family.)a
61. Then he advises to hasten her flight and to depart from the country* (*ablative of place from which or separation.)
62. and he reveals old treasures in the earth, an aid for the road* from the country (*dative of purpose.)
63. an unknown weight of silver and gold*. (*genitive of material.)
64. Moved by these things, Dido was preparing her flight and comrades.
65. They for whom* there was a fierce hatred or (*dative of possession. Translated more naturally, but also more loosely, as "they who had a fierce hatred…"
66. a fierce fear of the tyrant* gather; they snatch up ships, which (*objective genitive.)
67. have been prepared by chance, and load them with gold*. (*ablative of means.)
68. The riches of Greedy Pygmalion are carried on the sea; the leader of the deed was a woman.
69. They arrived at the places where you will now see huge
70. walls and the rising citadel of new Carthage,
71. they bought* ground, Byrsa according to the name of the deed**, (*"sunt" supplied. **the "deed" being covering the land with an ox hide)
72. as much as they could surround with the hide of a bull.
73. But finally, who are you? Or from what shores have you come?
74. Or to where do you hold a journey?" To her inquiring with such words,
75. that man, sighing and dragging his voice from the bottom of his heart, said*: (*ellipsis; "said" supplied.)
76. "O goddess, if I should proceed*, retracing from my first origin, (*subjunctive in a conditional clause (future less vivid).)
77. or if it should be at (your) leisure* to hear the stories of our hardships, (*another subjunctive in conditional clause.)
78. the evening star will settle the day sooner after Olympus has been closed.
79. A storm, by its own chance, drove us, carried from ancient Troy, if by chance the name
80. of Troy went through your ears -- through different seas
81. to Libyan shores.
82. I am loyal Aeneas, who carry with me houshold gods seized from the enemy* (*ablative of separation, as is any ablative with a verb of depriving, tearing away from, freeing from, keeping away from, etc.)
83. with my ship, known above heaven for my reputation*. (*ablative of cause.)
84. I seek the country Italy and a people from highest Jupiter.
85. I embarked (on) the Phrygian sea with twice ten ships,
86. having followed the given fates as my mother goddess was showing the way;
87. scarcely seven, shattered by waves and the East Wind, remain.
88. I myself, unknown, being needy, wander through the deserts of
89. Libya, forced from Europe* and Asia*." And having not allowed him
90. complaining more things, Venus interrupted in this way in the middle of his grief:
91. "Whoever you are, I believe, you, who have arrived* at a Tyrian city (*relative clause of characteristic.)
92. consume vital air, not odious to the gods.
93. Proceed now and bear yourself from here to the thresholds of the queen.
94. For I announce to you that your comrades are* led back (*or "have been" to go with the tense of the next verb. Either way, it's ellipsis with either "esse" or "fuisse" missing.)
95. and that your fleet has been carried back and driven into a safe harbor after the North Winds were turned,
96. unless false parents taught a prophecy in vain.
97. Look at the twice six swans rejoicing in a line
98. which a bird of Jupiter, having fallen from the ethereal region,
99. was agitating in the open sky; now they seem either
100. to occupy lands in a long line or to look down on them already occupied:
101. as those led back sport with rustling wings
102. and encircled the sky in a band* and gave melodies; (*ablative of manner since it is talking about a formation. See Uses of the ablative.)
103. not otherwise, your ships and the youth of your men
104. either holds* the harbor or approaches* the harbors with a full sail. (*verbs agree with "pubēs", which is singular.)
105. Now, proceed, and, in any way the road leads you, direct your walk.